Nitrogen cycling in accidental urban wetlands in the Salt River (central Arizona, USA): the effects of season, inundation and plants on denitrification (2013-2014)
Publication date: 2020-07-29
Bounding Coordinates:
Longitude:-112.2104 to -111.8843
Latitude:33.448 to 33.3869
Arizona State University,Global Institute of Sustainability,Tempe
caplter.data@asu.edu
Author(s):
- Amanda Suchy, City University of New York- Advanced Science Research Center
Abstract:
This project sought to understand the spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of denitrification in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River in Phoenix, AZ. Accidental urban wetlands are the result from human activities but are not designed nor managed for any specific purpose; thus, they are useful for examining the effects of both human and non-human drivers of ecosystem processes. For this study, we examined how seasonal monsoon and winter floods affected denitrification in different plant patch types at wetlands with different inundation regimes. Inundation regimes of the study wetlands are driven by storm drains that supply urban baseflow to the wetlands; however, the timing and frequency of discharges differ among storm drains resulting in different durations of inundation. Some storm drains provide enough baseflow that wetlands remain inundated year-round (perennially inundated) while others provide very little baseflow, so inundation is largely in response to rain events (ephemerally inundated). Intermittently inundated wetlands receive enough baseflow to remain inundated for part of the year. At each study wetland, we identified 2-4 dominant plant patch types, including one unvegetated patch. We took 2-4 soil samples from each patch type at each site in each season (pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter rainy seasons). We measured denitrification potential, soil organic matter, soil moisture, soil nitrate, soil texture, and water depth. In addition to soil characteristics, we also collected data on plant traits for each patch type. Plant functional traits provide one method to examine mechanistic links between plants and ecosystem processes. Measured plant traits were above- and belowground biomass, above- and belowground C:N ratios, and rooting depth.
Keywords:
wetlands, urban, denitrification, storms, floods, discharge, drainage, soil, soil chemistry, soil moisture, soil nitrogen, soil nutrients, soil organic matter, soil properties, soil samples, soil solution chemistry, soil texture, soil water, soil water content, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass parks and rivers, adapting to city life, primary production, population studies, movement of organic matter, disturbance patterns monsoon, salt river, baseflow cap lter, cap, caplter, central arizona phoenix long term ecological research, arizona, az, arid land
Temporal Coverage:
2013-06-12 to 2014-03-29Geographic Coverage:
Geographic Description: CAP LTER study areaBounding Coordinates:
Longitude:-112.2104 to -111.8843
Latitude:33.448 to 33.3869
Contact:
Information Manager, Central Arizona–Phoenix LTER,Arizona State University,Global Institute of Sustainability,Tempe
caplter.data@asu.edu
Methods used in producing this dataset: Show
Data Files (3) :
Tabular: 684_denitrification_dcadfabab20384922b543a869da6a217.csv
Description: Denitrification data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Column | Description | Type | Units |
---|---|---|---|
Season | Season in which sampling occurred |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Type | Classification of wetland inundation regime |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Site | Site ID |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Patch | Patch type classification |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Rep | Replicate number taken within each patch type |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Date | Date of observation |
date | Format: YYYY-MM-DD |
DI DN | Denitrification rate when just DI water was added as media |
float | microgramPerGramPerHour |
N DN | Denitrification rate when media was amended with nitrate. |
float | microgramPerGramPerHour |
C DN | Denitrification rate when media was amended with carbon |
float | microgramPerGramPerHour |
NC DN | Denitrification rate when media was amended with nitrate and carbon. |
float | microgramPerGramPerHour |
DNP | Denitrification potential |
float | microgramPerGramPerHour |
SM | Percent soil moisture |
float | dimensionless |
OM | Percent soil organic matter |
float | dimensionless |
soil NO3 | Soil nitrate (as mg NO3--N/kg soil) content |
float | milligramsPerLiter |
clay | Percent clay |
float | dimensionless |
silt | Percent silt |
float | dimensionless |
sand | Percent sand |
float | dimensionless |
water depth | Depth of water where sample was taken |
float | centimeter |
inundation_year | Percent of year that the wetland was flooded |
float | dimensionless |
Tabular: 684_plant_traits_26bca4609aab836919377214edccabf2.csv
Description: Plant trait data for different patch types in nine accidental wetlands in the Salt River
Column | Description | Type | Units |
---|---|---|---|
Season | Season in which sampling occurred |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Type | Classification of wetland inundation regime |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Site | Site ID |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Patch | Patch type classification |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Plant species | Species name of plant patch |
string | |
Rep | Replicate number taken within each patch type |
string |
Enumeration:
|
Date | Date of observation |
date | Format: YYYY-MM-DD |
biomass_AG | Aboveground biomass in 100 cm^2 quadrant (0=there was no biomass aboveground; 9999.99=sample missing) |
float | gramPerDecimeterSquared |
biomass_BG | Belowground biomass in 100 cm^2 quadrant (0=there was no biomass aboveground; 9999.99=sample missing) |
float | gramPerDecimeterSquared |
root depth | Depth of roots (9999.99=sample missing) |
float | centimeter |
CN_AG | Molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen for aboveground biomass (8888.88=no aboveground biomass to sample; 9999.99=sample missing or unable to run) |
float | dimensionless |
CN_BG | Molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen for belowground biomass (8888.88=no belowground biomass to sample. There are exceptions for Ludwigia peploides (L) where belowground biomass or rooting depth is zero but there is a value for belowground C:N ratios. This occurs because Ludwigia peploides is a submerged or floating aquatic plant that often roots in the sediment but can also be found floating above the sediment. In these instances there is a C:N ratio for the root portion of plant even when it was not rooted in the sediment; 9999.99=sample missing or unable to run) |
float | dimensionless |
Spatial Vector: 684_sampling_locations.kml
Description: study sampling locations identified by the intersection of the street named below and the Salt River, and latitude and longitude
Horizontal Coordinate System:GCS_WGS_1984
Geometry Type: Point
Column | Description | Type | Units |
---|---|---|---|
site | sampling location identifier |
string | |
Name | sampling location identifier |
string |